主机名

查看

[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]#

临时修改

[root@localhost ~]# hostname centoscn
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
centoscn
[root@localhost ~]#

永久生效

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=centoscn

host文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4     #建议保留此行
10.15.72.194         localhost justin localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6      #必须有三个字段：IP、FQDN、HOSTNAME

IP配置

临时设置

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 10.15.72.194 netmask 255.255.255.0

永久生效

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-eth0   ifdown-isdn    ifup-aliases  ifup-plusb     init.ipv6-global
ifcfg-lo     ifdown-post    ifup-bnep     ifup-post      net.hotplug
ifdown       ifdown-ppp     ifup-eth      ifup-ppp       network-functions
ifdown-bnep  ifdown-routes  ifup-ippp     ifup-routes    network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-eth   ifdown-sit     ifup-ipv6     ifup-sit
ifdown-ippp  ifdown-tunnel  ifup-isdn     ifup-tunnel
ifdown-ipv6  ifup           ifup-plip     ifup-wireless
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0bak   #备份
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0             #指出设备名称
NM_CONTROLLED=yes#network mamager的参数，实时生效，不需要重启
ONBOOT=yes#设置为yes，开机自动启用网络连接
IPADDR=10.15.72.194   #IP地址
BOOTPROTO=static        #设置为none禁止DHCP，设置为static启用静态IP地址，设置为dhcp开启DHCP服务
NETMASK=255.255.255.0   #子网掩码
DNS1=8.8.8.8            #第一个dns服务器
TYPE=Ethernet           #网络类型为：Ethernet
GATEWAY=10.15.72.254    #设置网关
DNS2=8.8.4.4            #第二个dns服务器
IPV6INIT=no             #禁止IPV6
USERCTL=no              #是否允许非root用户控制该设备，设置为no，只能用root用户更改
HWADDR=00:0C:29:2C:E1:0F   #网卡的Mac地址
PREFIX=24
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
NAME="System eth0"#定义设备名称

DEVICE、ONBOO、TBOOTPROTO、IPADDR、NETMASK、GATEWAY必须配置

单网卡设置双IP

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:0
DEVICE=eth0:0      
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.15.72.195
BOOTPROTO=static 
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DNS1=8.8.8.8     
TYPE=Ethernet    
GATEWAY=10.15.72.254
DNS2=8.8.4.4     
IPV6INIT=no      
USERCTL=no       
HWADDR=00:0C:29:2C:E1:0F
PREFIX=24
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
NAME="System eth0:0"

Mac地址修改

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0|grep HWadd
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:81:38:08
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0 down
[root@localhost network-scripts]#ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:0C:29:28:28:28
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0 | grep HWaddr
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:28:28
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0 up

路由

查看

[root@localhost network-scripts]# route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
10.15.72.0      *               255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 eth0
default         10.15.72.254    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
[root@localhost network-scripts]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
10.15.72.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 eth0
0.0.0.0         10.15.72.254    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
[root@localhost network-scripts]#

静态路由添加、删除

[root@localhost network-scripts]# route add -net 10.15.72.194/24 gw 10.15.72.254
[root@localhost network-scripts]# route del -net 10.15.72.194/24

默认网关添加、删除

[root@localhost network-scripts]# route add default gw 10.15.72.254
[root@localhost network-scripts]# route del default gw 10.15.72.254

网络节点测试

[root@localhost network-scripts]# traceroute 8.8.8.8
tracerouteto 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1  10.15.72.254 (10.15.72.254)  7.568 ms  7.880 ms  8.071 ms

网络连通性测试

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ping -c 5 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=46 time=32.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=46 time=31.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=46 time=33.4 ms
--- 8.8.8.8 pingstatistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 3 received, 40% packet loss, time5007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev= 31.891/32.554/33.458/0.662 ms
[root@localhost network-scripts]#

ARP信息